Book excerpt: Global socioeconomic systems and climate change exacerbate disparities that leave a huge proportion of the human population malnourished. This condition will be further worsened by intensive food production like livestock that produces affordable protein but contribute to increasing greenhouse gases, making conventional food sources such as animal livestock unsustainable at global scales, in a vicious cycle. Thus, food systems have come under pressure to meet global food demands, whilst having to meet economic and ecological targets.