Book excerpt: Each year, over 300,000 newborns are admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) across the country. Admission to a NICU alone puts children at increased risk for developmental delays and disabilities. Additional concern lies in the outcomes for the families of NICU graduates. Stress and anxiety levels are often elevated in parents of this population, and the quality of their interactions with their children is often compromised. In addition, parents of NICU graduates sometimes report diminished levels of parental self-efficacy. This population of children and their families can benefit from family- centered early intervention services funded by Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA, 2004) during their early years. Given the often-limited time and financial resources of these community programs, it is essential that services are maximized to positively influence both child and family outcomes, and particularly, parent self-efficacy.