Book excerpt: The investigative experience offers many challenges in reconstructing past events and in discovering the persons, entities, and organizations involved in a crime or a civil wrong. The discussion begins with explaining the nature of cold cases and the major problems associated with these investigations. A cold case investigation progresses from the internal (the caseOCOs center), proximal (contact evidence), distal (immediate vicinity) to the limbic (the world at large) realms of information. The text stresses the importance of gathering basic identifiers about the victim, suspect, product, or object that constitutes the OC centerOCO of the case. Fifteen keys exist that act as collection points for evidence, and these keys are discussed, including the role they play in the evolution of an investigation. The following topics are featured: identifying the differences between physical evidence, traceable evidence, and information resources; the differences between the goals in criminal cases and in civil investigations; working with the medical examiner; the importance of visiting the locus or crime scene even after a considerable period of time has elapsed; the basics of computer forensics and tips on cyberprofiling; technical assistance and how to locate expert help; tools for uncovering witnesses; locating OC hiddenOCO information archives relevant to a particular case; financial evidence; managing a case; and response when using a combination of traditional and forensic techniques, which constitutes a modern synthesis of investigative methods. Despite analytical methods, it is necessary to understand when to stop an investigation. The text covers this issue and makes recommendations regarding the writing of reports on a case. The Appendix contains a Master Checklist that provides a wealth of information and expertise. This book will be a valuable resource for police investigators, private investigators, and governmental/regulatory investigators."