Book excerpt: Current speech recognition systems are based on speaker independent speech models and suffer from inter-speaker variations in speech signal characteristics. This work develops an integrated approach for speech and speaker recognition in order to gain space for self-learning opportunities of the system. This work introduces a reliable speaker identification which enables the speech recognizer to create robust speaker dependent models In addition, this book gives a new approach to solve the reverse problem, how to improve speech recognition if speakers can be recognized. The speaker identification enables the speaker adaptation to adapt to different speakers which results in an optimal long-term adaptation.