Book excerpt: Rotifers (Rotifera) are animals which occur in every type of aquatic environment, both marine and freshwater. They owe their wide distribution to rapid reproduction. Due to their abundance, they play an important role in freshwater ecosystems. There are around 2000 rotifer species, 1350 of them from Europe. This book provides a guide to rotifers, including topics such as the origin of rotifers, taxonomy and systematics, morphology, anatomy, biology, ecology, zoogeography, and methods of sample collection, preservation, storage, and processing. It also provides information on orders, families and genera, as well as a survey of species, based on illustrations including many original color micrographs. In total, over 460 rotifer species found in Poland are presented and characterized, as well as over 140 species found in neighboring countries.