Book excerpt: Two assumptions prevail in the study of Chinese citizenship: One holds that citizenship is unique to the Western political culture, and China has historically lacked the necessary conditions for its development; The other implies that China is an authoritarian regime which has always been subject to autocratic power, in which citizens and citizenship play a limited role. This volume negates both assumptions. On the one hand, it shows that China has its own unique and rich experiences of the emergence, development, rights, obligations, acts, culture, education, and sites of citizenship, indicating the need to widen the scope of citizenship studies to include non-Western societies. On the other hand, it aims to show that citizenship has been a core issue running through China's political development since the modern period, urging scholars to bring 'citizenship' into consideration in the study of Chinese politics. This Handbook sets a new agenda for citizenship studies and Chinese politics. Its clear, accessible style make it an essential reading for students and scholars interested citizenship and China studies.