Book excerpt: The revitalization of U.S. Special Operations Forces (SOF) during the 1980's resulted from a realization by Congress and the National Command Authority that unique military capabilities were needed to provide a broader range of responses across the spectrum of conflict where the use of conventional forces was premature, inappropriate or infeasible. A critical aspect of this revitalization effort was the development of specialized communications capabilities and signal organizations to resolve the longstanding problems of SOF C3. Worldwide SOF headquarters C3 requirements, however, still exceed capabilities and available signal force structure. This study examines the roles and missions of SOF and the requirements for signal support of those forces particularly at the unified and sub-unified command level; proposes a signal structure to meet simultaneous, multitheater operations; and recommends a method for resourcing the new organization.