Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, IEA/AIE 2006, held in Annecy, France, June 2006. The book presents 134 revised full papers together with 3 invited contributions, organized in topical sections on multi-agent systems, decision-support, genetic algorithms, data-mining and knowledge discovery, fuzzy logic, knowledge engineering, machine learning, speech recognition, systems for real life applications, and more.