Book excerpt: Bacterial Nanocellulose: From Biotechnology to Bio-Economy presents an overview on the current and future applications of bacterial nanocellulose, perspectives on the ecology and economics of its production, and a brief historic overview of BNC related companies. - Discusses recent progresses on the molecular mechanism of BNC biosynthesis, its regulation, and production techniques - Covers advances in the use of BNC in bio- and nano-polymer composite materials - Presents a detailed economic analysis of BNC production - Provides an overview on the regulatory framework on the food and biomedical fields - Reviews current research in the biomedical and food industries, identifies gaps, and suggests future needs - Raises awareness about this material and its potential uses in emergent fields, such as the development of aerogels and optoelectronic devices