Book excerpt: This handbook presents the most recent technological advances and applications in the areas of biomedical photonics. This second edition contains introductory material and covers the state-of-the-art methods and instrumentation for biomedical photonic technologies. It integrates interdisciplinary research and development critically needed for scientists, engineers, manufacturers, teachers, students, and clinical providers to learn about the most recent advances and predicted trends in instrumentation and methods as well as clinical applications in important areas of biomedical photonics. Extensive references are provided to enhance further study.