Book excerpt: This publication provides a diagnostic framework to analyze the level of gender equality in the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) countries. It also serves as a basis for developing the CAREC Gender Strategy 2030 and assessing the CAREC Program’s performance in mainstreaming gender in its operations. The analysis includes a comparison of key gender global indicators as well as cross- cutting gender and human development issues, particularly women’s access to decent work, economic opportunities, education and training, health services, information and communication technology, and infrastructure and public services, and women’s participation in decision-making. A representative sample of 107 CAREC projects was reviewed to identify good practices, gaps, and missed opportunities in gender mainstreaming.