Book excerpt: 5 PERCEPTIONS; Changing Perceptions; Assessing Perceptions; Questionnaires; Designing Questionnaires: Begin With the End in Mind; Data Collection Considerations; Our Example Schools; Study Questions for Perceptions; Summary; 6 STUDENT LEARNING; Ways to Measure Student Learning; Grades; Analyzing the Results, Descriptively; Analyzing the Results, Inferentially; Measurement Error; Looking Across Student Learning Measures; Other Common Testing Terms; Our Example Schools; Study Questions for Student Learning; Summary; 7 SCHOOL PROCESSES; School Level Processes; Classroom Level Processes.