Book excerpt: Dr. Alla Shapiro was a first responder to the worst nuclear disaster in history -- the explosion at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station in Ukraine on April 26, 1986. First responders were NOT given detailed instructions or protective clothing. Amid an eerie and pervasive silence, Dr. Shapiro treated traumatized children and witnessed frightened families and civilians running barefoot across radioactive grounds and carrying stretchers to save others. First responders triaged and administered first aid, extinguished fires and cleaned up radioactive debris. No protocols were in place since no one considered the possibility of a nuclear accident. From the outset of the disaster the Soviet government worsen matters by spreading misinformation. First-responders were ordered to be part of the deception of the public. This bureaucratic cover-up during angered and disheartened Dr. Shapiro. This painful experience along with the decades of persistent professional and personal discrimination and hostility that she and her family, as Jewish citizens of the USSR, endured, led her and her family like thousands of others to leave and flee the oppressive Soviet Union in the late 1980s. As Émigrés they were restricted to taking possessions weighing no more than 40 pounds and $90 in cash. Their escape route took them first to Vienna and then on to Italy for six months. By then four generations of Dr. Shapiro's family were among these "stateless" people. Chernobyl changed Dr. Shapiro's life and career forever. Arriving in the U.S., like all immigrants she had to learn a new language, encountered red tape validating her diplomas, and find housing for her family When U.S. authorities failed to fully validate her medical diplomas, she re-enrolled in medical school at Georgetown University and restarted her career and new life in America. Spurred on by her Chernobyl experiences, she rose to become one of the world's leading expert's in medical countermeasures against radiation exposure. For thirty years she worked for the FDA on disaster readiness and preparation-and has a much to say about America's readiness or lack of readiness for the current pandemic affecting the United States and the world.