Book excerpt: The history of subtitles in Europe / Jan Ivarsson -- Screen translation in mainland China / Qian Shaochang -- Subtitling in Japan / Karima Fumitoshi -- The history of subtitling in Korea / Lee Young Koo -- The two worlds of subtitling : the case of vulgarisms and sexually-oriented language / Gilbert C.F. Fong -- A functional gap between dubbing and subtitling / He Yuanjian -- Subtitling as a multi-modal translation / Chuang Ying-ting -- Let the words do the talking : the nature and art of subtitling / Gilbert C.F. Fong -- A critical evaluation of a Chinese subtitled version of Hitchcock's Spellbound / Chapman Chen -- I translate, you adapt, they dub / Sergio Patou-Patucchi -- The translation of film dialogues for dubbing / Zhang Chunbai -- Loss of meaning in dubbing / Lu Danjun -- Dubbing and subtitling : art or craft? / Rupert Chan -- Translation imperative : synchronise discipline and technique / Janet Tauro -- Translating understanding and non-understanding through subtitling : a case study of a Finnish subtitled translation of Comme des Rois / Kari Jokelainen -- Translating subtitles for the Hong Kong audience : limitations and difficulties / Shu Kei -- Surtitling for Xiqu (Chinese opera) in the theatre / Jessica W.Y. Yeung -- The pedagogy of subtitling / Corinne Imhauser.