Book excerpt: Covering 2000 years--from Roman times through the Cold War--this book describes the evolution of military architecture in the territory today known as the Netherlands. A vital ally of the Dutch--their numerous rivers and canals--played a central role in the defensive strategy of the country, particularly since the 17th century. A general history covers the innovators, architects and engineers of each period and their involvement in the development of fortifications. Illustrations detail the technical features of defensive structures, alongside discussion of the weapons and tactics they were designed confront.