Book excerpt: Since the demand for passenger transport is ever increasing, public transport planning is a topic of ongoing research. While single problem stages like line planning, timetabling or vehicle scheduling are already extensively researched, integrated planning, i.e., planning not just one but multiple problem stages simultaneously, becomes more important, since integration allows to utilize additional optimization potential that is not realizable in sequential planning. This thesis focuses especially on cost-optimal planning, since a cost-efficient system allows for a more sustainable service f...