Book excerpt: Iris Murdoch was a British writer. She studied all religions, their concepts, ideologies and philosophies. Mostly her novels are concerned with the humanity, man women relationships, society and their problems. Iris Murdoch studied Buddhist literature and finally, she decided to accept the Buddhism. In fact Iris Murdoch was a Marxist by birth. But she left the Marxism and converted to Buddhism. This is a chief concern of this study.a) Social-political background of Ireland:At that time Ireland was governed by parliament of United Kingdom in London. It was formed a constituent part of Great Britain. Ireland was facing many problems like great famine, vigorous campaign for Irish Home Rule. This movement was led by Robert Emmet in 1803.