Book excerpt: Banana is one of the most important fruits worldwide and a staple food for millions of people in developing countries. However, vegetative propagation of commercial cultivars results in a limited genetic background, making banana plants susceptible to disease infection. Conventional chemical control is typically inefficient, owing to the plant's inability to absorb significant quantities of chemicals in a short period of time. The overuse leads to chemical reagent resistance and a rise in environmental contamination. Furthermore, the inappropriate chemical application might result in a relatively high quantity of residues on banana fruits, posing human health risks through consumption. As a result, new technology and discoveries for integrated banana plant protection are urgently required.