Book excerpt: The four writers chosen for this study, James Baldwin, Alice Walker, John Edgar Wideman, and Ernest Gaines, were chosen because of their shared approach to "rewriting" such negative narratives of black manhood. Each of these writers approaches self-definition and, more specifically, the writing of oneself as a "man" as contingent on controlling discourse -- having some power over language -- and thus having the power to define the self. And each of the selected works explores the possibilities of black manhoods that are humane and dignified. The discursive negotiations involved in rewriting identity pose an extremely complex set of challenges associated with the realm of definition used to control the powerful signifier, "manhood." -- From introduction.