Book excerpt: Excerpt from Photomicrography of Paper Fibers All vegetable fibers are fairly translucent and have central canals. ('otton is a seed hair. Ribbon-like often twisted, blunt ends. Length 10 - 55 mm. Manila is a leaf-stalk fiber, round, gradually tapering ends, length 3 - 1: mm. Flax and jute are bast fibers, cylindrical, gradually tapering ends. Flax has prominent cross markings, often x-shaped. Jute has fine longitudinal lines. Length: Flax, 4 - 66 mm: jute, 1-5 mm. Wood fibers come from the trunk and larger branches of trees. Aspen and sweet gum are broadleaf trees; fibers are cylindrical, tapering ends. Broad-leaf woods are characterized by comparatively large tubular vessels having numerous pores and sometimes bars across either end. Length of broad-leaf fibers: mm. Jack pine and Douglas Spruce are coniferous trees, fibers ribbon-like, blunt or rounded ends, mud) broader than cotton, and have frequent pores. Length coniferous fibers, mm. Ground wood is characterized by frequent bundles of fibers showing very distinct cross cells. By broken and mutilated fibers, and by extreme variation in size of particles. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.