Book excerpt: As with any enterprise involving violence and lots of money, running a plantation was a serious and brutal enterprise. Beyond resources and weapons, a plantation required a significant force of cruel and rapacious men who lacked better economic options. The economically successful if socially monstrous plantation required racial division to exist, but Trevor Burnard shows here that its success was measured in gold, not skin or blood. In light of the strength and centrality of the plantation system, Burnard builds the case that pre-Revolutionary British America was centered not on the fractious and relatively poor North American colonies but on its booming commercial hub: Jamaica. The British Caribbean was economically successful, and the institutions that developed there--chief among them the large integrated plantation--did what they were intended to do and more. That these institutions eventually collapsed was not because of their amorality but because of changes in their economic and political contexts.