Book excerpt: National Judges as EU law Judges: The Polish Civil Law System by Urszula Jaremba aims at filling a research gap in one of the key areas of EU law concerning its enforcement at the national level and the phenomenon of judicial behaviour. More precisely, it examines the way civil judges in Poland function as EU law judges, and the practical problems they encounter while striving to actualise this constitutive role. However, the book goes beyond the formal law scenario, and investigates how Polish civil judges establish their own understanding of EU law and the new requirements it has imposed upon them. To this end, the study employs an empirical − that is to say quantitative and qualitative − methodology and theory to result in a socio-legal study that combines legal and empirical insights into the way national judges function in the context of EU law.