Book excerpt: Since Sept. 11, 2001, concern has increased that terrorists could smuggle nuclear weapons or materials into this country in the approx. 7 million containers that arrive annually at U.S. seaports. Nuclear materials can be smuggled across borders by being placed inside containers aboard cargo ships. In response to this concern, since 2003, the Dept. of Energy (DoE) has deployed radiation detection equipment to key foreign seaports through its Megaports Initiative. This report examined: (1) progress DoE has made in implementing the Megaports Initiative, (2) current & expected costs of the Initiative, & (3) challenges DoE faces in installing radiation detection equipment at foreign ports. Includes recommendations. Charts & tables.