Book excerpt: Punishing Race addresses enduring paradoxes of racial disparities in America and the problems of race in the criminal justice system. The white majority, Tonry observes, has a remarkable capacity to endure the suffering of disadvantaged black and, increasingly, Hispanic men. The criminal justice system is the latest in a series of devices, including slavery, Jim Crow, and legally countenanced discrimination, that have maintained white dominance over black people. Setting out a new agenda, Tonry pushes for overdue - and realistic - changes in racial profiling and sentencing, and to the War on Drugs, to reduce their staggering human and social costs.