Book excerpt: Reaching Diverse Audiences with Virtual Reference and Instruction: A Practical Guide for Librarians is designed to help new and experienced librarians with practical advice for teaching and serving diverse audiences using a mix of new technologies and old-school librarianship. Just as today’s library users come from different backgrounds and experiences, and range from the tech-averse to internet-savvy, there’s no one-size-fits all method for effectively teaching information literacy or providing reference and research assistance! The guidebook aims to provide a range of options that can be adapted for your community’s needs, and includes advice for reaching many kinds of learners with virtual technologies for reference and instruction. Topics covered include how to: Identify and assess the needs of diverse communities Make the most of online reference services Implement and incorporate online teaching tools into your practice Develop and evaluate goals, objectives, and outcomes for teaching & services Though this book is predominantly aimed at the academic librarian, other sections on identifying and assessing community needs, managing virtual reference, and evaluating the effectiveness of library services are applicable for librarians in public, school, academic, and all types of libraries! In short, this is a one-stop shop for librarians who are seriously considering how to leverage new technologies to meet their community’s needs—this guide walks through planning, implementing, managing, and evaluating teaching and reference services, and teaches the skills required to meet the needs of a diverse range of library users.