Book excerpt: The Book of Wisdom is regarded as a precious document of the Alexandrian Jewish diaspora. During the 20th century, a considerable number of studies has beendedicated to the Alexandrian culture. This research requires a review of its a oeenjeux mA(c)thodologiquesa and a more ample and complete a oehistorical approacha seems to be necessary in order to comprehend to which extent the author might have been influenced by his social background. This study presents a comparison between scholars from different areas and with diverse approaches. It paves the way for a thematic assessment of the historical and theological aspects of the Book of Wisdom in order to research its structural unity, its particular historical value and the specific, not granted, theological importance.