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This study provides a picture of the competition and cooperation, distrust and open hostility of the US, Britain, Holland and Russia involved in their joint ent

By the time U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry's squadron of four ships sailed into Tokyo Bay on July 8, 1853, the Japanese Tokugawa government had already fended off

This is a reproduction of the diary of George Henry Preble, written while he served on the U.S.S. Macedonian, one of the ships engaged in the East Indies Expedi

Japan closed its doors to foreigners for over two hundred years because of religious and political instability caused by Christianity. By 1859, foreign resident