Book excerpt: "This book is about the decline of freedom in America," Lawrence Goodwyn writes, and he then proceeds to overturn three generations of historical literature on Populism and to cast a radically new light on what he calls the undemocratic "progressive society" of twentieth-century America. Designed as a protest against special privilege and the growing despotism of industrialism, Populism brought together farmer and worker, black and white. The agrarian revolt began in Texas in the 1870s, spread throughout the South and Midwest, and reached its apex as the People's Party in the early 1890s, dedicated to a fundamental restructuring of finance capitalism and the American banking system. The movement was exploited in William Jennings Bryan's 1896 presidential bid and then disintegrated, leaving us with a word--"populist"--Which is today much used and misused.--Publisher's description.