Book excerpt: WEF/ABC/C2EP Wastewater Operators' Guide to Preparing for the Certification Examination was prepared jointly by the Water Environment Federation, the Association of Boards of Certification, and the Certification Commission for Environmental Professionals (C2EP). The third edition of this critical study guide has been updated to reflect new Need-to-Know Criteria and core competencies for wastewater operators. The questions included in this guide have been chosen to sample as many different aspects of a wastewater operator's job responsibilities as possible. Questions in the study guide are intended to provide an example of style and possible topics for certification exam questions. Four levels of certification exams are offered by ABC, with class I being the lowest level and class IV the highest level. The specifications for the exams are based on a weighting of the job analysis results so that they reflect the criticality of tasks performed on the job. The guide includes C2EP 's education and experience requirements, tips for taking a certification examination, and sample formulas and conversions. Detailed answers to mathematical problems and references are provided.