Book excerpt: Cannibalism is the oldest taboo in the world. But in ancient times it was integral to existence in some societies and viewed as both necessary and socially acceptable. Throughout history there have been instances of humans who, finding themselves in extremis, are forced to eat companions out of sheer desperation in order to survive. Do we reserve judgement in these circumstances, or is this behaviour simply an indication of the brutality that simmers under the surface of human civilization? A History of Cannibalism delves into a subject that causes people to recoil in horror and disbelief. It examines the background to many notorious cases, providing no easy answers, but offering a fascinating insight into forces that lie deep within the human psyche.