Book excerpt: An overview of Indonesia covers the intersection between social and demographic issues and land and natural resources, an assessment of the legal/policy framework, and institutions. The document presents conclusions on achieving an improved land governance system. The document begins with a brief overview of the Voluntary Guidelines on the Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (VGGT) and related international frameworks such as the Principles for Responsible Investment in Agriculture and Food Systems (CFS-RAI) and Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC). An overview of Indonesia today includes the intersection between social and demographic issues and land and natural resources before the document moves on to the legal and policy framework and a discussion of the institutional structure. The document then looks at the status of implementation of different national programs in terms of their targets and achievements to date.