Book excerpt: Advanced Nanomaterials for Point of Care Diagnosis and Therapy provides an overview of technological and emerging novel trends in how point-of-care diagnostic devices are designed, miniaturized built, and delivered at different healthcare set ups. It describes the significant technological advances in fundamental diagnostic components and recent advances in fully integrated devices designed for specific clinical use. The book covers state-of-the-art fabrication of advances materials with broad spectrum therapeutic applications. It includes drug delivery, biosensing, bioimaging and targeting, and outlines the development of inexpensive, effective and portable in vitro diagnostics tools for any purpose that can be used onsite. Sections also discuss drug delivery, biosensing, bioimaging and targeting and various metal, metal oxide and non-metal-based nanomaterials that are developed, surface modified, and are being explored for diagnosis, targeting, drug delivery, drug release and imaging. The book concludes with current needs and future challenges in the field. Outlines the needs and challenges of point-of-care diagnostics Describes the fundamentals of application of nanomaterials as interesting building blocks for biosensing Overviews the different detection methods offered by using nanomaterials Explains the advantages and drawbacks of nanomaterial-based sensing strategies Describes the opportunities offered by technology as a cost-efficient biosensing platform