Book excerpt: The global biosensors industry is approaching towards multi-billion market. The modern biosensors market growth is driven by the continuous technological advancements in the biosensors ecosystem, increase in the use of biosensors for nonmedical applications, lucrative growth in point-of-care diagnostics, and rise in the demand for glucose monitoring systems. Increasing applications in diagnosis of various diseases and development of nanoparticle based electrochemical biosensors significantly stimulates growth of biosensors industry. The second volume of 'Advances in Biosensors: Reviews', Book Series contains six chapters written by 24 authors from 7 countries: Brazil, China, Denmark, Japan, South Africa, Sweden and Ukraine.