Book excerpt: The illicit trafficking of nuclear material has been an issue of concern since the first seizures in the early 1990s, and has gained increased attention in the context of the recent discussions on the possibilities of nuclear terrorism. The aim of this conference was to promote the further development of nuclear forensic methods and international co-operation among laboratories. Another aim was to facilitate access to such capabilities by national law enforcement authorities in investigating and prosecuting nuclear crimes, to enhance co-operation, and to bring nuclear forensic methodology to a broader audience. These proceedings include the keynote addresses, invited papers, panel discussions, session summaries and an executive summary.