Book excerpt: In the present paper, an attempt has been made to study the Agricultural transformation in India since independence. Agricultural development is an integral part of overall economic development. In India, agriculture was the main source of national income and occupation at the time of Independence. Agriculture is an important sector of the Indian economy, accounting for 13.9 per cent of the nation's GDP, about 11 per cent of its exports, about half of the population still relies on agriculture as its principal source of income and it is a source of raw material for a large number of industries.