Book excerpt: More than any other technology it is biotechnology that intervenes deeply in the original substance of life, the DNA. Particularly agricultural biotechnology, including its production of gene-food, plays a fundamental role for any kind of life and, therefore, for human societies. In this context, the interrelating dimensions of technology, economy, and politics have to be considered for doing justice to the high complexity of this research field. Pursuing this aim, this work elaborates the contingent necessities of agricultural biotechnology. At different levels of abstraction and complexity, occurrences are decoded as interplays of various different factors while reductionism and mono-causal explanations are fundamentally denied. This book is a comprehensive study of modern agricultural biotechnology that links current developments to relevant trajectories of past times. The author addresses political scientists, decision-makers and also natural scientists that are engaged in this field.