Book excerpt: This book covers theoretical aspects of adsorption, followed by an introduction to molecular simulations and other numerical techniques that have become extremely useful as an engineering tool in recent times to understand the interplay of different mechanistic steps of adsorption. Further, the book provides brief experimental methodologies to use, test, and evaluate different types of adsorbents for water pollutants. Through different chapters contributed by accomplished researchers working in the broad area of adsorption, this book provides the necessary fundamental background required for an academician, industrial scientist or engineer to initiate studies in this area. Key Features Explores fundamentals of adsorption-based separation Provides physical insight into aqueous phase adsorption Includes theory, molecular and mesoscopic level simulation techniques and experiments Describes molecular simulations and lattice-Boltzmann method based models for aqueous phase adsorption Presents state-of-art experimental works particularly addressing removal of "emerging pollutants" from aqueous phase