Book excerpt: To make small-scale fisheries in Thailand more sustainable, fishers need to invest in responsible fishing operations and technologies, reduce overfishing, contribute to fisheries management, and implement climate change adaptation measures. The Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center and FAO carried out an assessment of the sustainability of currently used fishing technologies and operations in Thailand, to identify options for innovation and improvements. This circular provides information on the current technological status of the Thai fishing fleets, the costs of fishing operations, the management of the main fisheries, and on the status of the main marine fisheries resources targeted by the various fishing fleets. Options for introducing technological innovations for fishing vessels include the reconfiguration of the hull by installing a bulbous bow, stabilizing fins, duct propellors and wave resistance reduction measures. On-board equipment innovations identified include hydraulic hauling systems, power blocks, refrigeration systems, fuel flow monitoring systems, solar panels, and LED lights. To improve safety, vessel owners are recommended to provide lifesaving equipment, radio communications and firefighting equipment, first aid kits, cooking and sanitation facilities, emergency stops on winches and hauling devices, lightning conductors, and distress signal devices. Fishing gear innovations such as circle hooks, low-resistance gears, turtle excluder devices, juvenile and trash excluder devices, and fish aggregating devices are also important innovations for fishing vessel owners to consider.This circular gives fishing vessel owners and financial service providers in Thailand insights in the innovations available, to make better informed fisheries investment decisions.