Book excerpt: Focusing on emerging technology regions of the US, Canada and Mexico, the authors provide an analysis of firms' innovative milieus in three contexts: national systems of innovation, knowledge regions and incubation mechanisms. An overview of the evolution of each region over the past quarter century is presented, along with an evaluation of the effectiveness of science parks and technology incubators in various regional and national environments. Focusing on the technology regions of the US, Canada and Mexico, this book provides an analysis of firms' innovative milieus in three contexts: national systems of innovation, knowledge regions and incubation mechanisms. It also presents an overview of the evolution of each region, along with an evaluation of the effectiveness of science parks.