Book excerpt: Now in its second edition, Canadian Perspectives on Advanced Practice Nursing provides a comprehensive and uniquely Canadian review of the roles of clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, the two streams of advanced practice nursing (APN) in the country. With contributions from notable professionals and academics of the field, the text explores the history and evolution of APN in Canada, from its rural and remote outpost beginnings to the present, and proposes a vision for its future within the health care system. Key issues are examined in relation to economic, educational, legislative, political, regulatory, and social environments that have shaped the continued integration of APN roles across the country. Additionally, the contributors apply the Canadian Nurses Association’s pan-Canadian framework and role competencies to real clinical cases. Speciality roles, including geropsychiatry, ambulatory care, and neonatal, are also examined. New to this edition are chapters that focus on the unique challenges of developing APN roles in Quebec; the social determinants of health of Indigenous, inner-city, rural and remote, LGBT2SQ, and refugee and migrant populations in Canada; and other critical issues, such as performance assessment and global perspectives. Thoroughly updated, this second edition of Canadian Perspectives on Advanced Practice Nursing is a must-read for those in the nursing profession, especially students in nursing programs.