Book excerpt: Current Structure of Court Systems; Subject-Matter Jurisdiction; Venue; Personal Jurisdiction; Service of Process; Challenges to Plaintiff's Court Selection; Pleading; Party and Claim Joinder; Discovery; Pretrial Conferences; Summary Judgment; Default Judgment; Voluntary and Involuntary Dismissal; The Trial Process; Jury Trial; Directed Verdicts; Judgments Notwithstanding the Verdict; New Trial Motions; Partial and Conditional New Trials; Relief from Judgments; Securing and Enforcing Judgments; Binding Effect of Judgments; Time for Bringing an Appeal; Mechanics of Appeal; Class Actions; Interpleader; Multidistrict Litigation; Standing, Mootness, and Justiciability; Determining the Governing, Law in Federal Courts; Federal Law in State Courts.