Book excerpt: This book outlines a new way of looking at rewards-a holistic approach that uses measurement to determine what an organization actually valuses (in terms of skills, knowledge, experience and behaviors).Further it analyzes the impact of the braod spectrum of reward programs (pay benefits and carrers) on human capital and, in turn, on an organization's profitability.It discusses variable pay programmes, competency models to employee reward, talent management for business optimization, compenation in Not-For-Profit Organizations, designing the annual management incentive plan etc.