Book excerpt: This book analyzes the impact of Dostoevsky's Notes from the Underground (1864) and its protagonist, the Underground Man, upon Russian literature. It is concerned with the different ways in which Russian writers responded to Notes from the Underground, with the whole complex of underground psychology, philosophy, and imagery. The basic assumption of this work is that the great impact of Dostoevsky on Russian literature was due not alone to the great power of his art, but to the continuing urgency of the problems he posed in his works. These problems, centering on the relations between the individual and society, have lost none of their relevance today, not only in Russia but also in the West.