Book excerpt: This book focuses on the practices towards energy monitoring and conservation in the residential and commercial building segment. Energy conservation in buildings is a prime area of interest since buildings consume 40% of the total energy that we use globally. This book will guide each energy consumer of the building to save energy by operating safely, and millions of consumers in residential & commercial segment can implement this electricity & other energy-saving exercises today. This will stabilize the prevailing the electricity supply-demand balance in the region and helps the nation to tide over crisis. Building infrastructure wise, the scope for energy savings has to be embedded in the building architecture. Energy-efficient equipment has to be procured by the building user while commissioning the building. The same energy-efficient equipment should be used modestly, economically, rationally and optimally to suit the adequate comforts for the occupants, as well as to embrace the natural surroundings of the building. This book prioritizes the monitoring of input energy consumption to all the utility equipments in the building so as to target the reduction in energy consumption.