Book excerpt: Patients with neurologic symptoms are frequently seen in the emergency department and require rapid and thorough evaluation. Appropriate assessment with tailored history-taking, localization of the neurological problem, differential diagnosis, focused testing, and urgent treatment when indicated are essential to prevent patient morbidity. Neurological examination and testing of patients are covered in-depth, along with common neurological presentations using a symptom-based approach, such as coma, dizziness and gait disturbance. Specific neurological disorders are also explored, including traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack and neurotoxicology. Chapters follow a basic outline, including an introduction and a pearls and pitfalls section, providing a succinct overview and key takeaway points for the busy clinician. This well organized handbook will serve as a concise, valued reference for the clinician to use in assisting the evaluation of the most common neurology related emergency department visits.