Book excerpt: In today's interconnected digital landscape, cybersecurity threats pose significant challenges to individuals, organizations, and governments worldwide. Cyberattacks, data breaches, and malicious activities continue to escalate in sophistication and frequency, jeopardizing sensitive information, financial assets, and critical infrastructure. Amidst this escalating threat landscape, there's a pressing need for comprehensive solutions to safeguard digital assets and ensure the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of data. Traditional security measures are proving inadequate in the face of evolving cyber threats, necessitating innovative approaches to cybersecurity. Innovations in Modern Cryptography emerges as a solution to address the complex cybersecurity challenges of the digital age. This comprehensive handbook offers a deep dive into cutting-edge cryptographic techniques, algorithms, and applications that are reshaping the landscape of cybersecurity. By exploring advanced topics such as post-quantum cryptography, homomorphic encryption, and secure multi-party computation, the book equips readers with the knowledge and tools needed to mitigate cyber risks and protect sensitive data effectively.