Book excerpt: Literally Knowledge Organisation is the organisation of knowledge. This organisation is made in order to facilitate the use of documents or recorded knowledge (or other units). Information or knowledge management is essentially a four-step process that includes capturing, organising, refining and disseminating information. The process begins with the capturing of information relevant to the activities and interests of people in an organisation. Such information may be available in a variety of sources, forms and formats. Once information is captured, it needs to be organised using a number of techniques that include cataloguing and indexing, retrieving, filtering, ranking, and so on. Efficiency of an information access system depends largely on the proper organisation of information. Information processing is the acquisition, recording, organisation, retrieval, display, and dissemination of information. Over the years, information science researchers and practitioners have developed and used various techniques for organising information resources of different types. However, off late, with the introduction of information and communication technologies several sophisticated systems have been developed for organisation of information. Libraries and information services have a long history of using various tools for organising information resources. Knowledge Organisation, Information Processing and Retrieval focuses on the various bibliographic and information retrieval tools and techniques used for information organisation, a key activity in a knowledge management process. The book begins with the existing debate on the very concept of knowledge management, and looks at some recent papers and arguments on this issue. It then briefly discusses how some projects over the past decade or so have used various traditional bibliographic organisation tools for providing access to electronic resources.