Book excerpt: "Legumes Under Environmental Stress: Roles and Limitations in Yield Improvement and Adaptations" is a comprehensive book that explores the complex relationship between legume crops and environmental stress factors. Legumes, including various species of beans, peas, lentils, and soybeans, play a crucial role in global agriculture due to their high nutritional value, ability to fix nitrogen, and soil fertility improvement. However, legume crops are highly susceptible to environmental stressors such as drought, heat, salinity, and various biotic stresses, which can significantly reduce their productivity and threaten food security. This book delves into the multifaceted aspects of legume crops under environmental stress, highlighting their physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses to adverse conditions. It presents an in-depth analysis of the limitations faced by legumes in maintaining optimal growth and yield under stress, while also exploring the potential roles and adaptations that can enhance their resilience and productivity. The chapters of this book cover a wide range of topics, including insights on legume proteins, genetic and genomic approaches for stress tolerance improvement, physiological and biochemical responses to environmental stress, future prospects of legume in cropping system for sustainable cultivation. It also discusses emerging technologies and breeding strategies for developing stress-tolerant legume varieties. By compiling the latest research findings from renowned experts in the field, this book provides valuable insights into the challenges faced by legume crops in various environmental stress scenarios. It offers a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying stress tolerance in legumes, shedding light on potential strategies to mitigate yield losses and enhance adaptability. "Legumes Under Environmental Stress" serves as a valuable resource for researchers, agronomists, plant breeders, and policymakers seeking to improve legume crop production and resilience in the face of changing environmental conditions. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable legume agriculture and the potential of legume crops to contribute to global food security and environmental sustainability in the future.