Book excerpt: “A good overview of the forces, their tactics, mistakes (and lies in official reports)” of the two pivotal campaigns that cemented Napoleon’s dictatorship (Paper Wars). In a tense, crowded thirty-three days in the autumn of 1799, Napoleon Bonaparte organized a coup and made himself dictator of France. Yet his position was precarious. He knew that France would accept his rule only if he gained military victories that brought peace. James Arnold, in this detailed and compelling account, describes the extraordinary campaigns that followed. At Marengo, Bonaparte defeated the Austrians and his fellow general Jean Moreau beat the combined Austrian and Bavarian armies at Hohenlinden. These twin campaigns proved decisive. Bonaparte’s dictatorship was secure and his enemies across Europe were forced in a 15-year struggle to overthrow him.