Book excerpt: This volume covers various aspects of the fundamentals, synthesis, analysis, design, monitoring, and control of metals, materials, and metallurgical processes and phenomena. Topics represented include but are not limited to: • Use of artificial intelligence or big data in the control or optimization of industrial processes • Modelling or optimization of recycle streams and scrap loops • Measurement and control in hostile environments • Modeling transport phenomena in materials processing and metallurgical processes involving iron, steel, nonferrous metals, and composites • Thermodynamics, kinetics, and physical chemistry of materials processes and modelling thereof